{"id":625,"date":"2018-11-14T19:41:43","date_gmt":"2018-11-14T19:41:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/arendus.magilex.ee\/?p=625"},"modified":"2023-01-31T20:26:22","modified_gmt":"2023-01-31T20:26:22","slug":"autorioiguste-kaitse-ei-ulatu-toidu-maitsele","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.magilex.ee\/en\/autorioiguste-kaitse-ei-ulatu-toidu-maitsele\/","title":{"rendered":"Copyright protection does not extend to the taste of food"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Euroopa Liidu Kohus otsustas eile Hollandi juustutootja Levola kohtuasjas, et toidu maitse ei ole autori\u00f5igusega kaitstud Levola esitas kaebuse teise juustutootja Smilde Foods vastu. Kaebuses v\u00e4ideti, et viimane kopeeris oma tootes Witte Wievenkaas m\u00e4\u00e4rdejuustu Heksenkaas maitset ja rikkus sellega Levola autori\u00f5igusi.<\/p>\n<h2>Mis on autori\u00f5igus?<\/h2>\n<p>Autori\u00f5iguseks loetakse autorile kuuluvate isiklike ja varaliste \u00f5iguste kogumit. Autori\u00f5iguseks nimetatakse ka juriidiliste normide kogumit, mis autorite \u00f5igusi k\u00e4sitlevad. Eestis k\u00e4sitleb autorite \u00f5igusi ja nende kaitset autori\u00f5iguse seadus.<\/p>\n<h2>Euroopa Liidu Kohus selgitas autori\u00f5iguse tekkimise eelduseid<\/h2>\n<p>Kohus m\u00e4rkis, et autori\u00f5iguse tekkimiseks peab kaitstavat teost olema v\u00f5imalik selgelt ja t\u00e4pselt \u00e4ra tunda. Samuti peab olema v\u00f5imalik teose identifitseerimise k\u00e4igus v\u00e4listatud igasugune \u00f5iguskindlust kahjustav subjektiivsus. Teisis\u00f5nu, teost peab saama kirjeldada t\u00e4pselt ja objektiivselt. Toidu maitse osas leidis kohus, et selle t\u00e4pne ja objektiivne identifitseerimine ei ole v\u00f5imalik. N\u00e4iteks kirjandusteosel, kujutava kunsti, video- v\u00f5i muusikateosel on t\u00e4pne ja objektiivne v\u00e4ljendus. Toiduaine maitse identifitseerimine p\u00f5hineb aga eelk\u00f5ige maitsetunnetusel ja \u2010kogemusel. Need on aga subjektiivsed ja muutlikud, sest s\u00f5ltuvad eelk\u00f5ige toiduainet maitsva isikuga seotud faktoritest:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>tema vanus<\/li>\n<li>toidueelistused<\/li>\n<li>tarbimisharjumused<\/li>\n<li>maitsmise keskkond ja kontekst.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Samuti leidis kohus, et teaduse praeguse arengutaseme juures ei ole v\u00f5imalik tehniliste vahendite abil toiduaine maitse t\u00e4pne ja objektiivne identifitseerimine. Seet\u00f5ttu ei ole ka v\u00f5imalik eristada maitset teistest samalaadsetest toodetest.<\/p>\n<p>Allikad:<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/curia.europa.eu\/jcms\/upload\/docs\/application\/pdf\/2018-11\/cp180171en.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Euroopa Liidu Kohtu pressiteade<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.riigiteataja.ee\/akt\/127112018003?leiaKehtiv\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Kehtiv autori\u00f5iguse seadus<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The European Court of Justice ruled yesterday in the case of the Dutch cheese manufacturer Levola that the taste of food is not protected by copyright. Levola filed a complaint against another cheese manufacturer, Smilde Foods. The complaint alleged that the latter copied the taste of Heksenkaas spread cheese in its Witte Wievenkaas product and infringed Levola&#039;s copyright.\u00a0<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":627,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"off","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","iawp_total_views":9,"footnotes":""},"categories":[24],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-625","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-intellektuaalne-omand"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.magilex.ee\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/625","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.magilex.ee\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.magilex.ee\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.magilex.ee\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.magilex.ee\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=625"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.magilex.ee\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/625\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":683,"href":"https:\/\/www.magilex.ee\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/625\/revisions\/683"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.magilex.ee\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/627"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.magilex.ee\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=625"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.magilex.ee\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=625"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.magilex.ee\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=625"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}